McGorry, P. D. et al. The Lancet Psychiatry Commission on youth mental health. Lancet Psychiatry 11, 731–774 (2024).
Google Scholar
McGrath, J. J. et al. Age of onset and cumulative risk of mental disorders: a cross-national analysis of population surveys from 29 countries. Lancet Psychiatry 10, 668–681 (2023).
Google Scholar
Minuchin, P. Families and individual development: provocations from the field of family therapy. Child Dev. 56, 289–302 (1985).
Google Scholar
Bowen, M. The use of family theory in clinical practice. Compr. Psychiatry 7, 345–374 (1966).
Google Scholar
McGuire, S. & Shanahan, L. Sibling experiences in diverse family contexts. Child Dev. Perspect. 4, 72–79 (2010).
Google Scholar
Feinberg, M. E., Reiss, D., Neiderhiser, J. M. & Hetherington, E. M. Differential association of family subsystem negativity on siblings’ maladjustment: using behavior genetic methods to test process theory. J. Fam. Psychol. 19, 601–610 (2005).
Google Scholar
Chen, B.-B. Chinese parents’ marital and coparenting relationships, parental differential treatment of siblings, and adolescents’ sibling relationships. J. Fam. Psychol. 37, 658–666 (2023).
Google Scholar
Zhang, W., He, T., Wu, Q., Chi, P. & Lin, X. Transmission of depressive symptoms in the nuclear family: a cross-sectional and cross-lagged network perspective. Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 33, 3145–3155 (2024).
Google Scholar
Martin, A. F., Maughan, B., Konac, D. & Barker, E. D. Mother and father depression symptoms and child emotional difficulties: a network model. Br. J. Psychiatry 222, 204–211 (2023).
Google Scholar
Nordsletten, A. E. et al. Patterns of nonrandom mating within and across 11 major psychiatric disorders. JAMA Psychiatry 73, 354–361 (2016).
Google Scholar
Peyrot, W. J., Robinson, M. R., Penninx, B. W. & Wray, N. R. Exploring boundaries for the genetic consequences of assortative mating for psychiatric traits. JAMA Psychiatry 73, 1189–1195 (2016).
Google Scholar
Chen, X., Zhang, L., Laninga-Wijnen, L., Liang, W. & Zhang, Y. Longitudinal associations of depressive symptoms in father-mother-child triads: a cross-lagged panel network analysis. J. Affect. Disord. 373, 107–115 (2025).
Google Scholar
Ma, N., Roberts, R., Winefield, H. & Furber, G. The prevalence of psychopathology in siblings of children with mental health problems: a 20-year systematic review. Child Psychiatry Hum. Dev. 46, 130–149 (2015).
Google Scholar
Barnett, R. A. & Hunter, M. Adjustment of siblings of children with mental health problems: behaviour, self-concept, quality of life and family functioning. J. Child Fam. Stud. 21, 262–272 (2012).
Google Scholar
Bandura, A. & Walters, R. H. Social Learning Theory (Prentice Hall, 1977).
Chi, Z., Malmberg, L.-E. & Flouri, E. Sibling effects on problem and prosocial behavior in childhood: Patterns of intrafamilial “contagion” by birth order. Child Dev. 95, 766–779 (2024).
Google Scholar
Pike, A. & Oliver, B. R. Child behavior and sibling relationship quality: a cross-lagged analysis. J. Fam. Psychol. 31, 250–255 (2017).
Google Scholar
Chen, B.-B., Chen, X. & Wang, X. Siblings versus parents: warm relationships and shyness among Chinese adolescents. Soc. Dev. 30, 883–896 (2021).
Google Scholar
Toffol, E. et al. Lessons on targeting family mental health and improving outcomes for children of parents with a mental illness. Nat. Ment. Health 2, 893–900 (2024).
Google Scholar
Goodman, R. The strengths and difficulties questionnaire: a research note. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 38, 581–586 (1997).
Google Scholar
Fonseca-Pedrero, E., Ortuño-Sierra, J., Inchausti, F., Rodríguez-Testal, J. F. & Debbané, M. Beyond clinical high-risk state for psychosis: the network structure of multidimensional psychosis liability in adolescents. Front. Psychiatry 10, 967 (2020).
Google Scholar
Kessler, R. C. et al. Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress. Psychol. Med. 32, 959–976 (2002).
Google Scholar
Umucu, E. et al. A national study to assess validity and psychometrics of the Short Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6). Rehabil. Couns. Bull. 65, 140–149 (2022).
Google Scholar
R Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. (2021).
Van Buuren, S. & Groothuis-Oudshoorn, K. mice: Multivariate imputation by chained equations in R. J. Stat. Softw. 45, 1–67 (2011).
Google Scholar
White, I. R., Royston, P. & Wood, A. M. Multiple imputation using chained equations: issues and guidance for practice. Stat. Med. 30, 377–399 (2011).
Google Scholar
Epskamp, S., Borsboom, D. & Fried, E. I. Estimating psychological networks and their accuracy: a tutorial paper. Behav. Res. Methods 50, 195–212 (2018).
Google Scholar
Friedman, J., Hastie, T. & Tibshirani, R. Regularization paths for generalized linear models via coordinate descent. J. Stat. Softw. 33, 1–22 (2010).
Google Scholar
Haslbeck, J. M. B. & Waldorp, L. J. How well do network models predict observations? On the importance of predictability in network models. Behav. Res. Methods 50, 853–861 (2018).
Google Scholar
Epskamp, S., Cramer, A. O., Waldorp, L. J., Schmittmann, V. D. & Borsboom, D. qgraph: network visualizations of relationships in psychometric data. J. Stat. Softw. 48, 1–18 (2012).
Google Scholar
Chen, J. & Chen, Z. Extended Bayesian information criteria for model selection with large model spaces. Biometrika 95, 759–771 (2008).
Google Scholar
Wysocki, A., Rhemtulla, M., Bork, R. v. & Cramer, A. Cross-lagged network models. PsyArXiv. (2022).
Robinaugh, D. J., Millner, A. J. & McNally, R. J. Identifying highly influential nodes in the complicated grief network. J. Abnorm. Psychol. 125, 747–757 (2016).
Google Scholar
Bringmann, L. F. et al. What do centrality measures measure in psychological networks?. J. Abnorm. Psychol. 128, 892–903 (2019).
Google Scholar
Harrison, P. et al. The psychopathology of worthlessness in depression. Front. Psychiatry 13, 818542 (2022).
Google Scholar
Goodman, A., Lamping, D. L. & Ploubidis, G. B. When to use broader internalising and externalising subscales instead of the hypothesised five subscales on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ): data from British parents, teachers and children. J. Abnorm. Child Psychol. 38, 1179–1191 (2010).
Google Scholar
van Meegen, M., Van der Graaff, J., Carlo, G., Meeus, W. & Branje, S. Longitudinal associations between support and prosocial behavior across adolescence: the roles of fathers, mothers, siblings, and friends. J. Youth Adolesc. 53, 1134–1154 (2024).
Google Scholar
Craig, L. Does father care mean fathers share?: A comparison of how mothers and fathers in intact families spend time with children. Gend. Soc. 20, 259–281 (2006).
Google Scholar
Henz, U. Couples’ daily childcare schedules: gendered patterns and variations. Fam. Relatsh. Soc. 11, 127–146 (2022).
Google Scholar
Loeber, R. et al. Stability of family interaction from ages 6 to 18. J. Abnorm. Child Psychol. 28, 353–369 (2000).
Google Scholar
Goodman, S. H. et al. Maternal depression and child psychopathology: a meta-analytic review. Clin. Child Fam. Psychol. Rev. 14, 1–27 (2011).
Google Scholar
Lobo, F. M. & Lunkenheimer, E. Understanding the parent-child coregulation patterns shaping child self-regulation. Dev. Psychol. 56, 1121–1134 (2020).
Google Scholar
Brett, B. E., Stern, J. A., Gross, J. T. & Cassidy, J. Maternal depressive symptoms and preschoolers’ helping, sharing, and comforting: the moderating role of child attachment. J. Clin. Child Adolesc. Psychol. 51, 623–636 (2022).
Google Scholar
Flouri, E., Midouhas, E. & Narayanan, M. K. The relationship between father involvement and child problem behaviour in intact families: a 7-year cross-lagged study. J. Abnorm. Child Psychol. 44, 1011–1021 (2016).
Google Scholar
Ivanova, M. Y., Achenbach, T. M. & Turner, L. V. Associations of parental depression with children’s internalizing and externalizing problems: meta-analyses of cross-sectional and longitudinal effects. J. Clin. Child Adolesc. Psychol. 51, 827–849 (2022).
Google Scholar
Parkinson, B. & Simons, G. Worry spreads: interpersonal transfer of problem-related anxiety. Cogn. Emot. 26, 462–479 (2012).
Google Scholar
Hughes, C., McHarg, G. & White, N. Sibling influences on prosocial behavior. Curr. Opin. Psychol. 20, 96–101 (2018).
Google Scholar
De Los Reyes, A. & Kazdin, A. E. Informant discrepancies in the assessment of childhood psychopathology: a critical review, theoretical framework, and recommendations for further study. Psychol. Bull. 131, 483 (2005).
Google Scholar
Booth, C., Moreno-Agostino, D. & Fitzsimons, E. Parent-adolescent informant discrepancy on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry Ment. Health 17, 57 (2023).
Google Scholar
link
More Stories
Four planetary health research projects awarded $320,000 in seed funding
Sinai Health launches first-ever Research Strategic Plan to integrate discovery with care
UM Today | Rady Faculty of Health Sciences