Stanaway, J. D. et al. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 392, 1923–1994 (2018).
Google Scholar
Stanciu, A. R., Gillespie, C. & Britz-McKibbin, P. Environmental Exposures and Health Risks: A Metabolomics Perspective on Exposomics Research. Annu. Rev. Anal. Chem. 18, 47–71 (2025).
Google Scholar
Sum, K. K. et al. The socioeconomic landscape of the exposome during pregnancy. Environ. Int. 163, 107205 (2022).
Google Scholar
Amine, I. et al. Environmental exposures in early-life and general health in childhood. Environ. Health 22, 53 (2023).
Google Scholar
Price, E. J. et al. Merging the exposome into an integrated framework for “omics” sciences. iScience 25, 103976 (2022).
Google Scholar
Wager, J. L. & Thompson, J. A. Development and child health in a world of synthetic chemicals. Pediatr. Res 97, 1833–1839 (2025).
Google Scholar
Sly, P., Blake, T. & Islam, Z. Impact of prenatal and early life environmental exposures on normal human development. Paediatr. Respiratory Rev. 40, 10–14 (2021).
Google Scholar
Mitro, S. D., Johnson, T. & Zota, A. R. Cumulative Chemical Exposures During Pregnancy and Early Development. Curr. Envir Health Rpt 2, 367–378 (2015).
Google Scholar
Braun, J. M. et al. Gestational Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Reciprocal Social, Repetitive, and Stereotypic Behaviors in 4- and 5-Year-Old Children: The HOME Study. Environ. Health Perspect. 122, 513–520 (2014).
Google Scholar
Varshavsky, J. R. et al. Organophosphate Flame Retardants, Highly Fluorinated Chemicals, and Biomarkers of Placental Development and Disease During Mid-Gestation. Toxicological Sci. 181, 215–228 (2021).
Google Scholar
Zheng, P. et al. Prenatal and postnatal exposure to emerging and legacy per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances: Levels and transfer in maternal serum, cord serum, and breast milk. Sci. Total Environ. 812, 152446 (2022).
Google Scholar
Tang, J. & Zhai, J. X. Distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in breast milk, cord blood and placentas: a systematic review. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res 24, 21548–21573 (2017).
Google Scholar
Ginsberg, G., Hattis, D. & Sonawane, B. Incorporating pharmacokinetic differences between children and adults in assessing children’s risks to environmental toxicants. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 198, 164–183 (2004).
Google Scholar
Protecting Children’s Environmental Health [Internet]. [cited 2025 Oct 9]; Available from: https://www.apha.org/policy-and-advocacy/public-health-policy-briefs/policy-database/2018/01/23/protecting-childrens-environmental-health
Cheung, A. C. et al. Studying the Exposome to Understand the Environmental Determinants of Complex Liver Diseases. Hepatology 71, 352–362 (2020).
Google Scholar
Kim, K.-N. & Hong, Y.-C. The exposome and the future of epidemiology: a vision and prospect. Environ. Health Toxicol. 32, e2017009 (2017).
Google Scholar
Miller, G. W. & Jones, D. P. The Nature of Nurture: Refining the Definition of the Exposome. Toxicological Sci. 137, 1–2 (2014).
Google Scholar
Lloyd, M. et al. Predicting spatial variations in annual average outdoor ultrafine particle concentrations in Montreal and Toronto, Canada: Integrating land use regression and deep learning models. Environ. Int. 178, 108106 (2023).
Google Scholar
Lee, D.-W. et al. Prenatal and early-life air pollutant exposure and epigenetic aging acceleration. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 283, 116823 (2024).
Google Scholar
Kuo, N.-C., Lin, C.-H. & Lin, M.-C. Prenatal and early life exposure to air pollution and the incidence of Kawasaki disease. Sci. Rep. 12, 3415 (2022).
Google Scholar
Tingskov Pedersen, C.-E. et al. Prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution is associated with early life immune perturbations. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 151, 212–221 (2023).
Google Scholar
Neophytou, A. M. et al. Associations between prenatal and early-life air pollution exposure and lung function in young children: Exploring influential windows of exposure on lung development. Environ. Res. 222, 115415 (2023).
Google Scholar
Blanc, N. et al. A systematic review of evidence for maternal preconception exposure to outdoor air pollution on Children’s health. Environ. Pollut. 318, 120850 (2023).
Google Scholar
Holzhausen, E. A. et al. Prenatal and Early Life Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutants Is Associated with the Fecal Metabolome in the First Two Years of Life. Environ. Sci. Technol. 58, 14121–14134 (2024).
Google Scholar
Münzel, T., Hahad, O., Daiber, A. & Landrigan, P. J. Soil and water pollution and human health: what should cardiologists worry about?. Cardiovascular Res. 119, 440–449 (2023).
Google Scholar
Dennis, K. K. et al. Biomonitoring in the Era of the Exposome. Environ. Health Perspect. 125, 502–510 (2017).
Google Scholar
Biomonitoring Data Tables for Environmental Chemicals | CDC [Internet]. [cited 2025 Oct 9]; Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport/data_tables.html
Cohen Hubal, E. A. et al. Advancing internal exposure and physiologically-based toxicokinetic modeling for 21st-century risk assessments. J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 29, 11–20 (2019).
Google Scholar
Zhang, X., Gao, P. & Snyder, M. P. The Exposome in the Era of the Quantified Self. Annu Rev. Biomed. Data Sci. 4, 255–277 (2021).
Google Scholar
Ghassabian, A. et al. Characterisation of personalised air pollution exposure in pregnant women participating in a birth cohort study. Paediatr. Perinat. Epid 37, 436–444 (2023).
Google Scholar
Ha, S. et al. Air Pollution Exposure Monitoring among Pregnant Women with and without Asthma. IJERPH 17, 4888 (2020).
Google Scholar
Samon, S. M., Hammel, S. C., Stapleton, H. M. & Anderson, K. A. Silicone wristbands as personal passive sampling devices: Current knowledge, recommendations for use, and future directions. Environ. Int. 169, 107339 (2022).
Google Scholar
Loh, M. et al. How Sensors Might Help Define the External Exposome. IJERPH 14, 434 (2017).
Google Scholar
Maitre, L. et al. Human Early Life Exposome (HELIX) study: a European population-based exposome cohort. BMJ Open 8, e021311 (2018).
Google Scholar
Infant and young child feeding [Internet]. [cited 2025 Oct 9]; Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infant-and-young-child-feeding
Pattison, K. L. et al. Breastfeeding initiation and duration and child health outcomes in the first baby study. Preventive Med. 118, 1–6 (2019).
Google Scholar
Krausová, M. et al. Understanding the Chemical Exposome During Fetal Development and Early Childhood: A Review. Annu Rev. Pharm. Toxicol. 63, 517–540 (2023).
Google Scholar
Zhang, L., Misir, A., Boshuizen, H. & Ocké, M. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Validation Studies Performed on Dietary Record Apps. Adv. Nutr. 12, 2321–2332 (2021).
Google Scholar
Bowman, G. L. et al. Reliability and Validity of Food Frequency Questionnaire and Nutrient Biomarkers in Elders With and Without Mild Cognitive Impairment. Alzheimer Dis. Associated Disord. 25, 49–57 (2011).
Google Scholar
Ho, D. K. N. et al. Reliability Issues of Mobile Nutrition Apps for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: Comparative Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 12, e54509–e54509 (2024).
Google Scholar
Dimitratos, S. M., German, J. B. & Schaefer, S. E. Wearable Technology to Quantify the Nutritional Intake of Adults: Validation Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 8, e16405 (2020).
Google Scholar
Food and Nutrition Board, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Approaches to Assessing Intake of Food and Dietary Supplements in Pregnant Women and Children 2 to 11 Years of Age: Proceedings of a Workshop Series [Internet]. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press; 2022 [cited 2025 Oct 8]. Available from: https://www.nap.edu/catalog/26374
Fernqvist, F., Spendrup, S. & Tellström, R. Understanding food choice: A systematic review of reviews. Heliyon 10, e32492 (2024).
Google Scholar
Alves, J. G. B. & Alves, L. V. Early-life nutrition and adult-life outcomes. J. de. Pediatr. 100, S4–S9 (2024).
Google Scholar
Ren, H., Zhou, Y. & Liu, J. Nutrition in Early Life and Its Impact Through the Life Course. Nutrients 17, 632 (2025).
Google Scholar
Lockridge, O. Overview of Adductomics in Toxicology. Curr. Protoc. 3, e672 (2023).
Google Scholar
Kehusmaa, J. et al. The association between the social environment of childhood and adolescence and depression in young adulthood – A prospective cohort study. J. Affect. Disord. 305, 37–46 (2022).
Google Scholar
Scattolin, M. A. D. A., Resegue, R. M. & Rosário, M. C. D. The impact of the environment on neurodevelopmental disorders in early childhood. J. de. Pediatr. 98, S66–S72 (2022).
Google Scholar
Hussein, R. A. et al. Association between some environmental risk factors and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder among children in Egypt: a case-control study. Ital. J. Pediatr. 51, 19 (2025).
Google Scholar
Baluch, N., Gallant, M. & Ellis, A. K. Exposomal research in the context of birth cohorts. Ann. Allergy, Asthma Immunol. 125, 639–645 (2020).
Google Scholar
the CHILD study investigators et al. The Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) birth cohort study: assessment of environmental exposures. J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 25, 580–592 (2015).
Google Scholar
Knapp, E. A. et al. The Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO)-Wide Cohort. Am. J. Epidemiol. 192, 1249–1263 (2023).
Google Scholar
Jacobson, L. P. et al. Approaches to protocol standardization and data harmonization in the ECHO-wide cohort study. Pediatr. Res 95, 1726–1733 (2024).
Google Scholar
Park, C. H. et al. How the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcome (ECHO) cohort can spur discoveries in environmental epidemiology. Am. J. Epidemiol. 193, 1219–1223 (2024).
Google Scholar
Vrijheid, M. et al. The Human Early-Life Exposome (HELIX): Project Rationale and Design. Environ. Health Perspect. 122, 535–544 (2014).
Google Scholar
Potera, C. The HELIX Project: Tracking the Exposome in Real Time. Environ. Health Perspect. [Internet] 2014 [cited 2025 Oct 9];122. Available from: https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/10.1289/ehp.122-A169
Tamayo-Uria, I. et al. The early-life exposome: Description and patterns in six European countries. Environ. Int. 123, 189–200 (2019).
Google Scholar
Maitre, L. et al. Multi-omics signatures of the human early life exposome. Nat. Commun. 13, 7024 (2022).
Google Scholar
Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J. et al. Influence of the Urban Exposome on Birth Weight. Environ. Health Perspect. 127, 047007 (2019).
Google Scholar
Amine, I. et al. Early-life Exposome and Health-related Immune Signatures in Childhood [Internet]. (2025) [cited 2025 Oct 9]; Available from: http://medrxiv.org/lookup/doi/10.1101/2025.03.21.25324385
The Human Early-Life Exposome – novel tools for integrating early-life environmental exposures and child health across Europe [Internet]. 2018. Available from: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/308333/reporting.
Rojas-Rueda, D. et al. Environmental Burden of Childhood Disease in Europe. IJERPH 16, 1084 (2019).
Google Scholar
Vineis, P. et al. The exposome in practice: Design of the EXPOsOMICS project. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 220, 142–151 (2017).
Google Scholar
on behalf of the EXPOsOMICS Consortium et al. EXPOsOMICS: final policy workshop and stakeholder consultation. BMC Public Health 18, 260 (2018).
Google Scholar
link

More Stories
Transforming health scholarship: Canada Research Chair leads a new era of Black Health Studies – Dal News
Patient-led research aims to help others cope with dialysis
Montreal MUHC Foundation highlights research into women’s health for cervical cancer awareness month